{"id":5480,"date":"2025-09-29T14:39:43","date_gmt":"2025-09-29T14:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/?page_id=5480"},"modified":"2025-09-29T17:27:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T17:27:33","slug":"state-security-actors-and-institutions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/state-security-actors-and-institutions\/","title":{"rendered":"State security actors and institutions"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5480\" class=\"elementor elementor-5480\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-678d8e7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"678d8e7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4891a09 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4891a09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37f6d79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"37f6d79\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26c59d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26c59d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">State security actors and institutions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1792d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f1792d2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a21711 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4a21711\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e8f11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"79e8f11\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2843b9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2843b9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/watchlist.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/interim-constitution-of-southern-sudan-2005.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan (2005)<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.refworld.org\/legal\/legislation\/natlegbod\/2011\/en\/122678\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transitional Constitution of South Sudan (2011)<\/a>\u00a0both provided for the establishment of state security and law enforcement institutions and agencies:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed7f7ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ed7f7ce\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8930e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c8930e1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8adbfe5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8adbfe5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c3a1cc e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"8c3a1cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"147038668\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1470386681\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1470386681\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tUniformed Institutions\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1470386681\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1470386681\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-c230ad8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c230ad8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29ca90c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29ca90c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed0fbc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed0fbc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37417-3\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock anim_swing\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO50\/ss_state-actors.html#sspdf\">\u2022 South Sudan People\u2019s Defense Forces (SSPDF)<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37417-6\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/paanluelwel2011.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/national-security-services-nss-act-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 National Security Service (NSS)<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37417-9\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock anim_swing\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO50\/ss_state-actors.html#ssnps\">\u2022 South Sudan National Police Service (SSNPS)<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37417-12\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/mofaic.gov.ss\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Prisons-Service-Act-2011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 National Prisons Service of South Sudan (NPSSS)<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37417-15\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/ssd152460.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 South Sudan National Wildlife Service (SSNWS)<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37417-18\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/SouthSudanGov\/status\/1606343386323193856\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 South Sudan National Civil Defense Service (SSCDS)<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c74239c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c74239c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a169fff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a169fff\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-195c4d3 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"195c4d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"26592467\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-265924671\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-265924671\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCivilian Institutions\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-265924671\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-265924671\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-d60a24d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d60a24d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49cbb90 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"49cbb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daea908 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"daea908\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37418-3\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/mojca.gov.ss\/introduction-judicial-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 The Judiciary of South Sudan<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37418-6\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/mojca.gov.ss\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 The Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37418-9\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/South-Sudan-National-Legislative-Assembly-61560283232407\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2022 National Legislative Assembly\u2019s<\/a><\/p><p id=\"u37418-11\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">Specialized Committees on:<\/p><p id=\"u37418-13\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">&#8211; National Security and Public Order<\/p><p id=\"u37418-15\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">&#8211; Public Accounts<\/p><p id=\"u37418-17\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">&#8211; Government Assurance, Monitoring, Follow-up and Evaluation<\/p><p id=\"u37418-19\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">&#8211; Legislation and Justice<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1acd04e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1acd04e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b679ed elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4b679ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b990681 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b990681\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3c0da0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a3c0da0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bc5fb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7bc5fb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">South Sudan People\u2019s Defense Forces (SSPDF)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adfc97b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"adfc97b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d208027 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d208027\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TX_Lato_150\">The SPLA was founded in 1983 as a military wing of the\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO\/ss_non-state_actors.html#armed_gr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sudan People\u2019s Liberation Movement (SPLM)<\/a>\u00a0fighting against the central government of Sudan with the aim of establishing a new secular and democratic united Sudan. It was led by Dr. John Garang as its first Commander-in-Chief and later by President\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/meetdocs\/2009_2014\/documents\/afet\/dv\/201\/201203\/20120321_cvkiir_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Salva Kiir<\/a>\u00a0after the death of\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yf1d4Zg_DcE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. John Garang<\/a>\u00a0in 2005. As a guerrilla army, the SPLA emerged within a short of time as a formidable military force and managed to capture major garrison towns in Southern Sudan from the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and extended its operations to northern Sudan in the Nuba Mountains, Blue Nile and Eastern Sudan.<\/p><p class=\"TX_Lato_150\">With the signing of the\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/peacemaker.un.org\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/files\/2024\/05\/sd060000the20comprehensive20peace20agreement.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2005 Sudan Comprehensive Peace Agreement\u00a0<\/a>(CPA) between the SPLM and Government of Sudan, the SPLA was recognized as a national army in Southern Sudan and independent from the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42aadc9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"42aadc9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-924da89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"924da89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mojca.gov.ss\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Sudan-Peoples-Liberation-Army-Amendment-Act-2009.pdf\">The SPLA Act, 2009 (amended)<\/a><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07f3939 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"07f3939\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec5eb6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ec5eb6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fffbd9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fffbd9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37425-2\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Structures and Organization<\/strong><\/p><p id=\"u37425-7\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The structures of the SSPDF are guided by the\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/para\/spla-2.htm#google_vignette\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SPLA Defense White Pape<\/a>r and defined by the SPLA Act 2009 (amended). Section 30 of the SPLA Act 2009 (amended) states as follows:<\/p><p id=\"u37425-9\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2022 The Sudan People\u2019s Liberation Army shall be organized into:<\/p><p id=\"u37425-11\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">(a)\u00a0 an active force, and<\/p><p id=\"u37425-13\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">(b)\u00a0 the reserve force.<\/p><p id=\"u37425-15\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2022 The active force shall consist of:<\/p><p id=\"u37425-17\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">(a)\u00a0 the ground force;<\/p><p id=\"u37425-19\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">(b)\u00a0 the air force; and<\/p><p id=\"u37425-21\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">(c)\u00a0 the riverine units.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b715f31 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b715f31\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2898d9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2898d9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37427-2\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Military Justice System<\/strong><\/p><p id=\"u37427-4\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Section 34 and Section 35 of the SPLA Act 2009 (amended) provide respectively for nature of military justice, structure and composition of military courts. The Military Justice system cater for both criminal and disciplinary offences.<\/p><p id=\"u37427-6\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2022 Two levels of military courts, a District Court Martial and a General Court Martial.<\/p><p id=\"u37427-8\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2022 In all cases, the presiding officer shall be senior in rank to the accused and all members of the panel shall be at least equivalent in rank to that of the accused.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2102970 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2102970\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e5228b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4e5228b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37d618b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"37d618b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a56a82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a56a82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37428-2\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>South Sudan National Police Service (SSNPS)<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p class=\"TX_Lato_150\">The history of police in South Sudan can be traced back after Sudan achieved independence in 1956, when few southerners were accepted into the police training college in Khartoum.<\/p><p class=\"TX_Lato_150\">The\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/peacemaker.un.org\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/files\/2024\/05\/sd060000the20comprehensive20peace20agreement.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2005 Sudan Comprehensive Peace Agreement<\/a>\u00a0(CPA) and the\u00a0<a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/mojca.gov.ss\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Interim-Constitution-of-Southern-Sudan-2005.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2005 Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan<\/a>\u00a0(ICSS) both provided for the establishment of the Sudan Police Service on the new basis to be a decentralized professional service rather than a force.<\/p><p class=\"TX_Lato_150\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/www.refworld.org\/legal\/legislation\/natlegbod\/2011\/en\/122678\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Transitional Constitution of South Sudan 2011<\/a>\u00a0(amended) and the s(amended) both provide for the establishment and governance of the Police Service in South Sudan and to enable it to prevent, combat and investigate crime, maintain law and public order, protect the people in Southern Sudan and their properties.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6a4a61 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e6a4a61\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bcf87a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bcf87a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><a class=\"nonblock\" href=\"https:\/\/mofaic.gov.ss\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Southern-Sudan-Police-Service-Act-2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Police Act, 2009 (amended)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9d5527 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e9d5527\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c28d30 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0c28d30\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1533cbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1533cbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"u37426-2\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Functions and Powers<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p id=\"u37426-4\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">(Section 7)<\/p><p id=\"u37426-6\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Prevention and detection of crime according to the procedures provided for in the relevant laws.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-8\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Ensure security of Southern Sudan and protecting people\u2019s lives and properties.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-10\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Assume the internal security operations.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-12\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Preserve lost, found, seized, and confiscated property, and dealing with such property according to the law.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-14\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Carry out crime prevention awareness campaign among the public to enhance their contribution to the maintenance of security;<\/p><p id=\"u37426-16\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Carry out investigations or any other criminal procedures pursuant to the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure Act, 2008 or any other law.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-18\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Regulate traffic and issue vehicle and driving licenses according to the law.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-20\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Ensure safety of citizens, property and public establishments.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-22\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Combat terrorism, organized crime and human trafficking.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-24\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Combat illegal trafficking in drugs and narcotics.<\/p><p id=\"u37426-26\" class=\"TX_Lato_150\">\u2022 Combat smuggling and illegal trading in firearms.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69c911f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"69c911f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f53f50 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f53f50\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b7f449 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b7f449\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/apcof.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/assessment-of-the-south-sudan-national-police-services-progress-towards-meeting-the-common-standards-for-policing-in-eastern-africa.pdf\">The Police Service\u2019s progress towards meeting the Common Standards for Policing in Eastern Africa<\/a><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>State security actors and institutions The\u00a0Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan (2005)\u00a0and the\u00a0Transitional Constitution of South Sudan (2011)\u00a0both provided for the establishment of state security and law enforcement institutions and agencies: Uniformed Institutions \u2022 South Sudan People\u2019s Defense Forces (SSPDF) \u2022 National Security Service (NSS) \u2022 South Sudan National Police Service (SSNPS) \u2022 National Prisons Service [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5480","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5480","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5480"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5480\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5523,"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5480\/revisions\/5523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/africansecuritynetwork.org\/HSGO4\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}